seyed komail tayebi; Abbas Mohammadzadeh
Volume 14, Issue 43 , July 2010, , Pages 161-187
Abstract
Capital mobility has been an important part of the economic reforms in many developing countries since the early 1990s, after realization of the benefits of decreasing capital control during 1970s. However, capital liberalization plan has caused major economic crisis in some countries making the policy ...
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Capital mobility has been an important part of the economic reforms in many developing countries since the early 1990s, after realization of the benefits of decreasing capital control during 1970s. However, capital liberalization plan has caused major economic crisis in some countries making the policy makers more causios about the plan. In this study, we have used data of 70 selected developing economies over the period 1996-2005 to investigate the effect of capital control on the currency crises. Applying the probit panel data approach, the results show a significant inverse effect of capital control on currency crises in the sampling countries. Also, a higher degree of capital control is accompanied by the lower probability of currency crisis.
seyed komail tayebi; Karim Azarbaijani; Yaser Abbaslou
Volume 13, Issue 39 , July 2009, , Pages 11-27
Abstract
There has been relatively little empirical analysis of the role played by cultural-social-economic policies to promote entrepreneurship. Governments, for instance, conduct different entrepreneurship promotion policies. Financial assistance and easing of bureaucratic rules are provided to improve the ...
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There has been relatively little empirical analysis of the role played by cultural-social-economic policies to promote entrepreneurship. Governments, for instance, conduct different entrepreneurship promotion policies. Financial assistance and easing of bureaucratic rules are provided to improve the entrepreneurship process in a country. Entrepreneurs benefit from education and skills, which are planned and subsidized by governments to provide an appropriate environment for business. So, it seems government policies on education promotion and human development, for instance, are important factors affecting entrepreneurship. Additionally, growth in total investment and savings expand economic capacity for further activities by entrepreneurs. The objective of this paper is to explore a causal relationship between entrepreneurship and its main determinants through regression analysis. We employ data on education, human development, property rights, the rule of law and some economic variables in 123 selected countries over the period 2000-2005 to estimate the entrepreneurship regression model by the panel data approach. The implication is that education, economic growth and optimal government policies can encourage entrepreneurship.
Seyed Komail Tayebi; Hoshang Shajari; Mohamad Vaez Barazani; Ahmad Googerdchain
Volume 12, Issue 36 , October 2008, , Pages 17-36
Abstract
The expansion of international trade has influenced deeply many economies to converge (Slaughter 1998). Now a question can be raised whether the establishment of an economic union (a currency union, for instance) can lead to income convergence or it may cause income divergence between members of that ...
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The expansion of international trade has influenced deeply many economies to converge (Slaughter 1998). Now a question can be raised whether the establishment of an economic union (a currency union, for instance) can lead to income convergence or it may cause income divergence between members of that union.
This paper examines whether the membership of countries in a block for trade expansion enables their economies to move toward income convergence, while the result should be different between countries in north, or north and south. To this end, the objective, the paper uses a difference-indifferences (DID) analysis to measure the rate of income convergence (divergence) before and after establishing a currency union. The results obtained approve that the implementing of currency union affects significantly and directly income convergence in the world, while this effect in much more pronounced in North-South countries than of North-South ones.
Hossein Karimi Hasnije; seyed komail tayebi
Volume 9, Issue 33 , February 2008, , Pages 165-183
Seyed komail Tayebi; Ahmad Googerdchian
Volume 8, Issue 26 , April 2006, , Pages 181-203
Abstract
The petrochemical industry plays an important role in the world economy and has many forward and backward linkages with other sectors. So capacity expansion through attracting FDI in this industry can help economy of the host countries to reach; GDP growth, employment creation, technology transfer and ...
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The petrochemical industry plays an important role in the world economy and has many forward and backward linkages with other sectors. So capacity expansion through attracting FDI in this industry can help economy of the host countries to reach; GDP growth, employment creation, technology transfer and its spillover effects. The main purpose of this study is to present and estimate a FDI model which includes the major determinants of attracting FDI to the Iran's Petrochemical Industry. The model coefficients are estimated by the Panel Data, using observations of FDI and the relevant variables on a set of the Iranian individual petrochemical complexes, over the period 1993-2002. The estimation results indicate that: profitability of the host industry, the economic size (production capacity), the degree of openness of the industry and the level of R&D expenses affect significantly the inflow FDI to the Iran's Petrochemical Industry. In other words, improvement in the quantity and quality of such significant factors leads to the inflow of FDI to petrochemical industry of Iran and eventually expanding potential of this industry as well as other sectors dependent on petrochemical industry.
seyed komail tayebi; Shirin Arbabian
Volume 5, Issue 16 , October 2003, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
Technology and scientific knowledge developed by higher education play imperative role in the production process of manufacturing goods. Labor forces، in a higher level of education، are able to cause technological changes by which significant rises are occurred in commodity exporting capacity and ...
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Technology and scientific knowledge developed by higher education play imperative role in the production process of manufacturing goods. Labor forces، in a higher level of education، are able to cause technological changes by which significant rises are occurred in commodity exporting capacity and competitive ability in international markets. The present paper investigates the impact of higher education on Iran’s manufacturing exports، and it tests the hypothesis that improvement in higher education، particularly in long run، can influence positively the non-oil export supply. Specifying an empirical framework and then using data for the period 1966–1999، we employ the Johansen – Juselius co-integration method and Error Correction Model (ECM) to estimate، respectively، long-run and short-run determinants of Iran’s manufacturing export supply. Overall، estimation results obtained reveal the fact that there is a substantial significant flexibility of higher education coefficient in the long-run export model، whereas the correspondent short-run coefficient is not statistically significant. The implication is that the policy makers should consider enhancement in higher education as the human capital role in the promotion of Iranian non-oil exports.
Karim Azarbaijani; seyed komail tayebi; Hossein Karimi Hosnijeh
Volume 4, Issue 13 , February 2003, , Pages 75-107
Abstract
Today, phenomenon like globalization, regionalism and trade blocks' are the basic issues which bring many positive consequences to the world economy. Among all, it would impress foreign transactions, increase the amount of trade flows, achieve the competitive capability and improve it, ...
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Today, phenomenon like globalization, regionalism and trade blocks' are the basic issues which bring many positive consequences to the world economy. Among all, it would impress foreign transactions, increase the amount of trade flows, achieve the competitive capability and improve it, removes the tarrif and non-tarrif barriers and acquiring the binding conditions for a presence in the "World Free Trade".
Regionalism and trade blocks are one of the ways that developing countries can adopt to collate the globalization process. To acknowledge their own abilities or, to settle the commercial and economic disputes in their regions by using their comparative advantages, and getting the inherent readiness to merge to the world economywith a more extensive process.
In this paper, in addition to review the process of globalization, regionalism and their effects on domestic and international economies, it also recalling some literatures and evidences on this basis and examines the most proper trade arrangements and economic convergence for the selected Middle East countries by utilizing the "Gravity Model" and it's estimation on "Panel Data" method.
Gravity models with Panel Data method, on the basis of using variables such as (GDP), economic structure, population, geographic situation, cultural contributions and per capita income.
The results show that economic integration amongECO and D-8 countries could increase the value of trade and create opportunities for more exports and imports.
GDP has a positive effect on trade while geographical distance has a negative sign and shows that it has no effect on Iranian's bilateral trade and there is no sigii of trade bias.
seyed komail tayebi; Khadije Nasrollahi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , February 2003, , Pages 109-133
Abstract
With the view of the shortcoming of purchasing power parity (PPP)approach in interpreting the behavior of LRER in many Developing Countries in last decades, new literature, emphasized on the role of fundamental variables in determination of LRER. These factors from both sides of the supply ...
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With the view of the shortcoming of purchasing power parity (PPP)approach in interpreting the behavior of LRER in many Developing Countries in last decades, new literature, emphasized on the role of fundamental variables in determination of LRER. These factors from both sides of the supply and demand of the economy structure, includes government fiscal policies, international financial assessment, changes in productivity growth, fluctuation of terms of trade and trade policies are the fundamental variables in this regard.
In the case of Iran, while some studies concentrate on determinants of LRER, some others which is in relation with PPP. Approach has concluded that results depend on the period of the study, the types of data and the approach of test.
In this study, total productivity of factors (TPF) of production, the ratio current expenditures to development expenditures used as an index of government fiscal policy, domestic terms of trade, ratio of Central Bank exchange reserves to the base money and an index of import-intensive of investment have taken into account as the determinants of the LRER in Iran. The long-run effects of these variables on the behavior of LRER have been determined by the use of economic methods and then have been analyzed.
In addition, with the attention to the structure of the exchange market in Iran, there have been at least five real exchange rates in the form of real effective formal exchange rate, real effective parallel exchange rate, real effective export exchange rate, real effective recievement exchange rate and real effective payment exchange rate which investigated respectively. Hence, variety of measures should be calculated and interpreted to permint crosschecks in the study. The research illustrate that the direction of the effects of each of these variables depend on which type of real exchange rate has been used. However, another result is that, in the short-run diseqilibrium in all of the cases of real exchange rate would be eliminated except that of parallel market, because of the role of expectation in this market.
